• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Detector of scintillation particles provided with an expansion chamber. Detector (1) of scintillation particles, comprising a detection cell (2) intended to contain the scintillation liquid (3) and an expansion chamber (4) connected to the detection cell (2), the chamber being expansion (4) intended to absorb variations in volume of the liquid (3), in which the expansion chamber (4) is delimited by a casing (5) of variable volume. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2611989A1
    申请号:ES201531626
    申请日:2015-11-10
    公开日:2017-05-11
    发明作者:José Manuel NUÑEZ；Lander González Larrea；Trinitario MARTÍNEZ PÉREZ；Daniel CANO OTT
    申请人:Scient Int S L U；Scientifica International SLU；Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas CIEMAT；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Scintillation particle detector provided with an expansion chamber Field of the invention
    The present invention relates to a particle / radiation detector, especially neutrons, provided with an expansion chamber connected to the detection cell that allows the volume variations of the scintillating liquid to be absorbed, which are due to temperature variations, and This is done by avoiding the production of bubbles and the increase in pressure in the scintillating liquid.
    Background of the invention
    The scintillation particle detectors are already known, which comprise a detection cell intended to contain the scintillation liquid and an expansion chamber connected to the detection cell, the expansion chamber being intended for the absorption of liquid volume variations .
    Liquid volume variations are produced by temperature variations. These variations may occur during use, for example in enclosures without temperature control, although they occur mainly during transport and storage. This variation in volume can be around 5% due to the high expansion coefficients of the liquids used in the scintillation particle detectors with liquid as a means of detection, and to give a safety margin, the camera may be required can absorb up to 10% increase in the volume of the detection liquid. These dilations must be absorbed, because if they cannot damage or even disable the detector, which is an expensive device.
    A known example of this type of detectors is described for example in the document published under number RU2087923C and related to a particle detector with position detection.
    In this document the expansion chamber consists of one or more capillaries connected to the detection cell, so that as the volume of the scintillating detection liquid increases, the excess liquid expands through the capillary (s).
    An advantage of the capillaries is that the surface tensions are high compared to gravity, which allows these expansion chambers to work with any orientation, such as inverted.
    However, the inventors of the object of the present application have been able to verify that in the detectors provided with expansion chambers constituted by capillaries bubbles are produced, which divide the liquid in the capillary into several sections reducing their efficiency. Bubbles are a phenomenon to avoid, since their presence causes considerable measurement errors.
    In addition, the reduced section of fluid passage of the capillaries implies a loss of charge which, in case of rapid expansion of the detection liquid, can cause undesired pressure increases.
    Description of the invention
    To remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of the state of the art, the present invention proposes a scintillation particle detector, comprising a detection cell intended to contain the scintillation liquid and an expansion chamber connected to the detection cell, being the expansion chamber intended for the absorption of liquid volume variations.
    In accordance with the present invention, the expansion chamber is delimited by a variable volume envelope.
    This inventive solution remedies the inconveniences posed by the capillaries, since it allows to design expansion chambers with much larger volumes, with larger sections of liquid passage, and without the need for a surface free of contact with a gas.
    In addition, the relationship between the volume occupied by the expansion chamber itself and the volume of liquid expansion it provides is greater than in the case of capillaries. If in the case of capillaries the relationship between the volume of expansion (Vexp) and the total volume (Vtotal) is approximately such that:
    Vexp _ ° .25 * Vtotal
    According to the present invention, it can be achieved:
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    Vexp _ 0.7 * Total
    Preferably, the expansion chamber is closed, so that the production of bubbles is avoided during the processes of expansion and contraction, typical of the cameras provided with capillaries.
    By "closed" it should be understood that the envelope is in contact in its entire interior surface with the scintillation liquid, which does not occur in an expansion chamber constituted by capillaries, since in these the free surface of the liquid in the capillary is in contact with an inert gas, usually nitrogen. Obviously the camera is not closed in its connection with the detection cell. Another way of understanding the term "closed" is that when the detector is operational, the expansion chamber only contains liquid, and no gas.
    In some embodiments, the envelope is at least partially constituted by a deformable sheet anchored by its edges so that it can be deformed, that is, change its shape or configuration, without stretching, to vary the volume of the expansion chamber, so that Minimize pressure changes during the transfer of scintillation fluid between the detection cell and the expansion chamber.
    In these embodiments, as the material constituting the envelope is not stretched, which only changes shape, there are no increases in pressure such as those that could occur in an embodiment consisting of an inflatable balloon type elastic chamber, whose volume increase sf It will cause an increase in pressure.
    According to a variant of the invention, the entire volume of the expansion chamber is enveloped by a deformable envelope.
    In this case, the envelope is entirely constituted by one or more sheets that can change shape, anchored by their edges, so that they can change shape, without stretching, to vary the volume of the expansion chamber. As a wrapping material, a fluoroelastomer can be used, although any flexible material that is compatible with the liquid and the working environment can be used.
    In this case, a cylindrical expansion chamber can be provided, when it reaches its greatest volume. In this case, the envelope is constituted by two elongated sheets joined by their larger edges, so that it can change shape between a configuration in which the sheets are adjacent and a configuration in which the sheets have a circular section.
    In some embodiments, the two sheets have a circular crown shaped plant, or circular crown section, so that when separated they can configure a substantially toroidal shaped chamber, or a toroid section. This configuration is especially interesting when a toroidal space is available in the detector, which is common in some cylindrical symmetry detectors.
    It can also be conceived that the sheets are arranged as bellows, such as accordion. In this case, the increase in volume occupied by the expansion chamber in the expansion direction is greater.
    According to another variant, only part of the volume is delimited by a deformable sheet. Indeed, it is not essential that the entire envelope be deformable, although a chamber geometry must be provided that allows the sheet material constituting the deformable part of the envelope not to stretch, but to deform in the normal direction to the sheet itself .
    In this variant, the envelope is constituted in part by a deformable sheet whose edges are joined to a non-deformable envelope delimitation surface. As an option, the delimitation surface is a non-deformable sheet, such as a rigid sheet.
    According to another option, the delimitation surface of the non-deformable envelope is constituted by the outer surface of the detection cell, the deformable sheet completely surrounding the detection cell, which comprises clamps to press the edges of the deformable sheet against the outer surface of the detection cell.
    According to another embodiment, a deformable and flexible envelope could be provided whose initial conditions allowed stretching of the envelope. In this case, however, there may be an increase in pressure in the liquid. It could be, for example, a spherical volume.
    Brief description of the figures
    To complement the description and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to an example of practical realization of the same, a set of figures in which with character is accompanied as an integral part of the description Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:
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    Figure 2 shows a detail of the camera intended to adopt a circular shape without expanded volume.
    Figure 3 shows a detail of the appearance of the camera of Figure 2 when the volume has expanded. Figure 4 is a plan view of an embodiment of the envelope.
    Figures 5 and 6 show perspectives of the wrap in detail.
    Figure 7 shows the process of dilating the chamber.
    Figure 8 shows the bottom of a detector.
    Figure 9 shows an elevation view with the transparent top cover so that the arrangement of the expansion chamber can be seen as well as the connection of this with the lower detection cell.
    Figure 10 shows in perspective the detection cell assembly, optical guide, expansion chamber and connector between expansion chamber and detection cell.
    Figures 11 to 13 show sections of another embodiment of the envelope / expansion chamber, based on an envelope surrounding the detection cell.
    Description of an embodiment of the invention
    As can be seen in the figures, the invention relates to a scintillation particle detector 1, which comprises a detection cell 2 intended to contain the scintillation liquid 3 and an expansion chamber 4 connected to the detection cell 2, the expansion chamber 4 being intended for the absorption of volume variations of the liquid 3.
    As can be seen in Figure 1, the scintillation detector comprises the following basic characteristics:
    A container 12 inside which the detection cell 2 containing the scintillating liquid 3, an optical window 16, preferably of quartz, to which a light guide is attached is attached 14. A multiplier tube 15 is attached thereto. , which ends superiorly in a connector 17 for the collection of the detection signal.
    As illustrated in Figure 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the expansion chamber 4 is delimited by a wrapper 5 of variable and closed volume, except in its connection with the cell, the wrapper 5 being constituted at least partially by a deformable sheet 6 anchored by its edges 61, 62 so that it can be deformed without stretching to vary the volume of the expansion chamber 4, so that pressure changes during the transfer of scintillation liquid 3 between the cell are minimized of detection 2 and the expansion chamber 4.
    On the other hand, although the material must be deformable, this does not prevent it from being elastic, although, as will be explained later, in these embodiments the geometry and the extreme conditions of use, maximum dilation, will not lead to the expansion chamber overcome a volume in which a stretch of the walls is produced.
    Regarding the way in which the deformable sheet material of the envelope should be arranged, it should be arranged so that it can be deformed to increase or decrease the volume of the expansion chamber, but without stretching. The person skilled in the art can devise several ways of designing the expansion chamber. Several embodiments of the invention are described below.
    A. Full volume option with deformable wrap
    An example of this option is described in Figures 1 to 10 and in which the envelope 5 is made of fluoroelastomer and is totally constituted by one or more deformable sheets 6, 7, 8 anchored by its edges so that they can be deformed without stretching to vary the volume of the expansion chamber 4. Within this variant various geometries can be conceived, of which two examples are given below.
    A.1. Cylindrical option
    In this case the envelope 5 is constituted by two elongated sheets 7, 8 joined by their larger edges 61, 62, so that it can deform between a configuration in which the sheets 7, 8 are adjacent and a
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    According to an embodiment specially adapted for a detector such as that illustrated in Figures 1, 8, 9 and 10, the two sheets 7, 8 have a circular crown-shaped plant, so that when separated they can configure a substantially toroidal chamber .
    As can be seen in the aforementioned figures, there is a toroidal space between the container 12, 12 'and the trunk section light guide in which the annular or toroidal chamber can be housed. The envelope 5 does not cover the entire perfometer, but is interrupted to allow, as illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, the connection with the detection cell, either by means of a fitting 19 or more preferably by a bent extension which is an extension of the expansion chamber itself and that goes down until it is connected to the detection cell 2. On the other hand, the camera must leave space to provide a calibration port 18, which is accessed by an optical fiber for the introduction of light pulses to calibrate the cell.
    A. 2. Bellows option
    Another possibility, not illustrated, is that the sheets are arranged as a bellows, that is, as an accordion.
    B. Option only a part of the volume is delimited by a deformable sheet.
    Another possibility is that the envelope 5 is partly constituted by a deformable sheet 6 whose edges 61, 62 are joined to a surface 9 delimiting the non-deformable envelope 5.
    B.1. Option surface delimitation is a non-deformable sheet.
    For example, the surface 9 of delimitation of the non-deformable envelope 5 could be a rigid sheet, for example with a circular section. The other sheet would be attached to the upper rigid sheet and attached to it, to be able to inflate and form a volume with it.
    Another possibility, illustrated in FIGS. 11 to 13, is that the surface 9 of delimitation of the non-deformable envelope 5 is constituted by the outer surface of the detection cell 2, the deformable sheet 6 totally surrounding the detection cell 2, which It comprises clamps 10, 11 for pressing the edges 61, 62 of the deformable sheet 6 against the outer surface of the detection cell 2. The case is illustrated in which a part of the envelope 5, the upper one in the form of a beak in those Figures do not deform because it already has a concave circular shape, while the lower face, being convex, deforms.
    Until now, embodiments have been described in which the envelope is configured so that it can be inflated without the sheet constituting the envelope being stretched, that is to say that only by deforming can the volume of reception of the liquid that is forced to be created be created. exit by dilating the liquid inside the detection cell.
    However, a closed elastic wrap can also be conceived whose initial shape forces it to stretch. Depending on its dimensions and its initial state, this could lead to a certain increase in pressure, unlike the other embodiments. The simplest case would be a spherical envelope.
    The invention can be applied to any particle / radiation scintillation detector that uses a liquid as a means of detection, although it has a preferred application in neutron detectors.
    In this text, the word “understand” and its variants as “understanding”, etc. they should not be interpreted in an exclusive way, that is, they do not exclude the possibility that what has been described includes other elements.
    On the other hand, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments that have been described but also covers, for example, the variants that can be made by the person skilled in the art for example, in terms of the choice of materials, dimensions, components , or configuration, within what follows from the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
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    1. - Detector (1) of scintillation particles, comprising a detection cell (2) intended to contain a scintillation liquid (3) and an expansion chamber (4) connected to the detection cell (2), being The expansion chamber (4) intended for the absorption of variations in volume of the liquid (3), characterized in that the expansion chamber (4) is delimited by a wrapper (5) of variable volume.
    [2]
    2. - Detector according to claim 1, wherein the envelope is closed (5) except in its connection with the detection cell (2).
    [3]
    3. - Detector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the envelope (5) is at least partially constituted by a deformable sheet (6) anchored by its edges (61, 62) so that it can be deformed, without stretching, to vary the volume of the expansion chamber (4), so that pressure changes during the transfer of scintillation liquid (3) between the detection cell (2) and the expansion chamber (4) are minimized.
    [4]
    4. - Detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the envelope (5) is entirely constituted by one or more deformable sheets (6, 7, 8) anchored by its edges so that they can be deformed without stretching to vary the volume of the expansion chamber (4).
    [5]
    5. - Detector according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the envelope (5) is of fluoroelastomer.
    [6]
    6. - Detector according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the envelope (5) is constituted by two elongated sheets (7, 8) joined by its longitudinal edges (61, 62), so that it can deform between a configuration in which the sheets (7, 8) are adjacent and a configuration in which the sheets (7, 8) have a circular section.
    [7]
    7. - Detector according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the two sheets (7, 8) have a circular crown-shaped plant, so that when separated they can configure a chamber substantially toroidal.
    [8]
    8. - Detector according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the sheets (7, 8) are arranged as bellows.
    [9]
    9. - Detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the envelope (5) is constituted in part by a deformable sheet (6) whose edges (61, 62) are joined to a surface (9) of envelope delimitation (5) not deformable.
    [10]
    10. - Detector according to claim 9, wherein the surface (9) of delimitation of the non-deformable envelope (5) is a rigid sheet.
    [11]
    11. - Detector according to claim 9, wherein the surface (9) of delimitation of the non-deformable envelope (5) is constituted by the outer surface of the detection cell (2), surrounding the deformable sheet (6) completely the detection cell (2), comprising clamps (10, 11) to press the edges (61, 62) of the deformable sheet (6) against the outer surface of the detection cell (2).
    [12]
    12. - Detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the envelope (5) is elastic so that it can be stretched.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3376259A1|2018-09-19|
    WO2017081349A1|2017-05-18|
    ES2611989B1|2018-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1107404A|1964-05-25|1968-03-27|Atomic Energy Authority Uk|Improvements in or relating to liquid scintillator cells|
    US4578588A|1983-08-12|1986-03-25|Galkin Benjamin M|Volume reduction in liquid scintillation counting|
    WO1988006296A1|1987-02-13|1988-08-25|Beckman Instruments, Inc.|Variable volume flow cell|
    JPH02272387A|1989-04-14|1990-11-07|Fuji Electric Co Ltd|Surface contamination monitor device|
    RU2087923C1|1992-07-21|1997-08-20|Андрей Викторович Кузнецов|Position-sensing neutron detector|
    WO2004088684A2|2003-03-28|2004-10-14|Ronan Engineering Co.|Flexible liquid-filled radiation detector scintillator|
    US20110114843A1|2009-11-19|2011-05-19|Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc.|Radiation detector and method of using a radiation detector|
    法律状态:
    2018-03-15| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2611989 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180315 |
    2018-12-11| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20181204 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201531626A|ES2611989B1|2015-11-10|2015-11-10|Scintillation particle detector equipped with an expansion chamber|ES201531626A| ES2611989B1|2015-11-10|2015-11-10|Scintillation particle detector equipped with an expansion chamber|
    EP16819585.7A| EP3376259A1|2015-11-10|2016-11-10|Scintillation particle detector provided with an expansion chamber|
    PCT/ES2016/070799| WO2017081349A1|2015-11-10|2016-11-10|Scintillation particle detector provided with an expansion chamber|
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